Pengembangan Kurikulum dan Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam di Sekolah dan Madrasah: Analisis Integratif atas Desain, Implementasi, dan Evaluasi
Keywords:
Islamic religious education; curriculum development; schools; madrasahs; instructional evaluation;
Abstract
This article critically examines the development of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) curricula and instruction in Indonesian schools and madrasahs through an integrative lens linking curriculum design, classroom implementation, and learning assessment. Using a qualitative conceptual literature-review approach, the study analyzes academic literature published primarily between 2021 and 2026, supplemented by relevant foundational sources. The analysis identifies a recurrent misalignment between formal curriculum aims, pedagogical practice, and evidence of students’ religious and ethical development. Differences in subject organization between schools and madrasahs require differentiated instructional pathways without compromising shared educational purposes. The study proposes a contextual and iterative framework comprising needs diagnosis, coherent learning-outcome design, active instruction, multidimensional assessment, and evidence-based curriculum reflection. It argues that technological innovation should serve pedagogical and ethical objectives rather than become an end in itself. This framework provides conceptual guidance for curriculum developers and PAI educators; however, its effectiveness needs subsequent empirical testing
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References
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Pramodana, D. R., Pahrudin, A., Jatmiko, A., & Koderi, K. (2024). Model inovasi pengembangan kurikulum dan pembelajaran PAI era 4.0. DIMAR: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 6(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.58577/dimar.v6i1.242
Pratama, R. A., Pahrudin, A., Jatmiko, A., Koderi, & Syafe'i, I. (2025). Desain kurikulum pendidikan agama Islam (PAI) di sekolah dan madrasah: Konsep, model, dan implementasi kontekstual. Pendas: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar, 10(4). https://doi.org/10.23969/jp.v10i04.35278
Rahayu, F., & Istikomah. (2024). Implementation of Merdeka curriculum in Islamic religious education learning: Analysis of principles and assessment models. Ta'dib: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 29(1), 149–161. https://doi.org/10.19109/td.v29i1.23688
Rochmawan, A. E., Hidayah, N., Hasanah, L. K., Abbas, N., & Zuhri, M. H. K. (2024). Implementation of curriculum development in Islamic religious education at Al Islam Mranggen elementary madrasah, Sukoharjo Regency, Central Java. At Turots: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 6(1), 10–18. https://doi.org/10.51468/jpi.v6i1.521
Samuji, S., & Wahib, A. (2024). Development of the Islamic religious education curriculum in Indonesia. Jurnal Paradigma, 16(1), 83–98. https://doi.org/10.53961/paradigma.v16i1.222
Sari, I. N. B., Pahrudin, A., Jatmiko, A., & Koderi, K. (2024). Desain kurikulum PAI berbasis karakter: Integrasi pengetahuan, etika, dan spiritualitas. Journal of Education Research, 5(4), 6597–6604. https://doi.org/10.37985/jer.v5i4.1962
Supriandi, S., Al Haddar, G., Saputri, D. Y., & Halim, C. (2024). Application of educational technology and teachers' competence in improving teaching effectiveness in Islamic education curriculum in Madrasah Aliyah in Indonesia. The Eastasouth Journal of Learning and Educations. https://doi.org/10.58812/esle.v2i02.299
Syahnaz, A., Furqan, M., Amalia, A. R., & Yudabangsa, A. (2026). A critical study of the Islamic education curriculum development process in Indonesia. Indonesian Journal of Education Methods Development, 21(1). https://doi.org/10.21070/ijemd.v21i1.971
Widodo, H. (2023). Pengembangan kurikulum PAI. UAD Press.
Zulkifli, Z., Pahrudin, A., Jatmiko, A., & Koderi, K. (2024). Konsep dan teori kurikulum PAI di sekolah dan madrasah. Jurnal Ilmiah Global Education, 5(4), 1954–1969. https://doi.org/10.55681/jige.v5i4.3383
Anggraini, R. Y., Rahmadani, A. H., Oktariah, A. S., Putri, D. A., Nurhidayah, D., Afdilah, I., & Hikmawati, R. (2024). The implementation of the Merdeka curriculum in Islamic religious education at SMPN 1 Pagar Alam. TOFEDU: The Future of Education Journal, 3(5), 2121–2127. https://doi.org/10.61445/tofedu.v3i5.352
Efendi, A., Pahrudin, A., Jatmiko, A., & Koderi. (2024). Studi tentang pengembangan kurikulum pendidikan agama Islam (PAI) di sekolah dan madrasah. Re-JIEM (Research Journal of Islamic Education Management), 7(2), 178–196. https://doi.org/10.19105/re-jiem.v7i2.15803
Family, A. V. Y., Pahrudin, A., Jatmiko, A., & Koderi. (2024). Teori belajar dan implikasinya terhadap pengembangan kurikulum pendidikan agama Islam (PAI). Pendas: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar. https://doi.org/10.23969/jp.v9i3.19753
Fatoni, I., Pahrudin, A., Jatmiko, A., & Koderi, K. (2024). Pengembangan kurikulum dan pembelajaran PAI di sekolah dan madrasah. At-Tajdid: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pemikiran Islam. https://doi.org/10.24127/att.v8i2.3801
Haikal, M. F., & Anwar, S. (2024). Transformation of Islamic religious education learning materials: Implementation of Qur'anic and Hadith elements in primary school. Profesi Pendidikan Dasar, 11(3), 251–273. https://doi.org/10.23917/ppd.v11i3.7619
Hasibuan, F. H., Salminawati, S., & Sapri, S. (2024). Implementation of the independent curriculum in Islamic religion subjects. Ideguru: Jurnal Karya Ilmiah Guru, 9(2), 752–757. https://doi.org/10.51169/ideguru.v9i2.888
Jaya Kesuma, M. I., Pahrudin, A., Jatmiko, A., & Koderi, K. (2024). Evaluasi kurikulum pembelajaran pendidikan agama Islam. Thawalib: Jurnal Kependidikan Islam, 5(2), 409–420. https://doi.org/10.54150/thawalib.v5i2.476
Kumala, A., Sari, D. S. S., Hadiati, E., Septuri, & Fauzan, A. (2025). Pengembangan kurikulum pendidikan agama Islam: Analisis elemen kurikulum dan tahapan implementasinya. Pendas: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar. https://doi.org/10.23969/jp.v10i04.38875
Marhamah, M., Zikriati, Z., Rohana, S., & Maisarah, M. (2026). Implementation of the independent curriculum in Islamic religious education: A qualitative study of madrasahs in West Aceh, Indonesia. AL-ISHLAH: Jurnal Pendidikan, 18(1), 700–714. https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v18i1.8853
Nugraha, N. A. A., Fakhruddin, A., Pradipta, A. S., Helmy, H. A., & Patriasya, P. G. (2026). Grounding Islamic education transformation in religious moderation: Bridging the policy-practice gap in Indonesia's Merdeka curriculum. Southeast Asian Journal of Islamic Education. https://doi.org/10.21093/sajie.v9i1.12560
Pramodana, D. R., Pahrudin, A., Jatmiko, A., & Koderi, K. (2024). Model inovasi pengembangan kurikulum dan pembelajaran PAI era 4.0. DIMAR: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 6(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.58577/dimar.v6i1.242
Pratama, R. A., Pahrudin, A., Jatmiko, A., Koderi, & Syafe'i, I. (2025). Desain kurikulum pendidikan agama Islam (PAI) di sekolah dan madrasah: Konsep, model, dan implementasi kontekstual. Pendas: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar, 10(4). https://doi.org/10.23969/jp.v10i04.35278
Rahayu, F., & Istikomah. (2024). Implementation of Merdeka curriculum in Islamic religious education learning: Analysis of principles and assessment models. Ta'dib: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 29(1), 149–161. https://doi.org/10.19109/td.v29i1.23688
Rochmawan, A. E., Hidayah, N., Hasanah, L. K., Abbas, N., & Zuhri, M. H. K. (2024). Implementation of curriculum development in Islamic religious education at Al Islam Mranggen elementary madrasah, Sukoharjo Regency, Central Java. At Turots: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 6(1), 10–18. https://doi.org/10.51468/jpi.v6i1.521
Samuji, S., & Wahib, A. (2024). Development of the Islamic religious education curriculum in Indonesia. Jurnal Paradigma, 16(1), 83–98. https://doi.org/10.53961/paradigma.v16i1.222
Sari, I. N. B., Pahrudin, A., Jatmiko, A., & Koderi, K. (2024). Desain kurikulum PAI berbasis karakter: Integrasi pengetahuan, etika, dan spiritualitas. Journal of Education Research, 5(4), 6597–6604. https://doi.org/10.37985/jer.v5i4.1962
Supriandi, S., Al Haddar, G., Saputri, D. Y., & Halim, C. (2024). Application of educational technology and teachers' competence in improving teaching effectiveness in Islamic education curriculum in Madrasah Aliyah in Indonesia. The Eastasouth Journal of Learning and Educations. https://doi.org/10.58812/esle.v2i02.299
Syahnaz, A., Furqan, M., Amalia, A. R., & Yudabangsa, A. (2026). A critical study of the Islamic education curriculum development process in Indonesia. Indonesian Journal of Education Methods Development, 21(1). https://doi.org/10.21070/ijemd.v21i1.971
Widodo, H. (2023). Pengembangan kurikulum PAI. UAD Press.
Zulkifli, Z., Pahrudin, A., Jatmiko, A., & Koderi, K. (2024). Konsep dan teori kurikulum PAI di sekolah dan madrasah. Jurnal Ilmiah Global Education, 5(4), 1954–1969. https://doi.org/10.55681/jige.v5i4.3383
Published
2026-10-26
Section
Articles
Copyright (c) 2026 Azizah Nurtantri
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