Prophetic Leadership in Islamic Educational Institutions: A Qur'anic Perspective on Servant and Transformational Leadership

Abstract

In the framework of Islamic educational institution administration, this study seeks to develop a philosophical synthesis of prophetic leadership based on Quranic concepts "Khilafah”, “Ulul Amri”, and “Qawwam” and merge them with transformational and servant leadership theories. Thematic exegesis (maudhu’i), content analysis, and comparative analysis of the Quran, Hadith, exegetical works, and current leadership literature are all used in this study's qualitative methodology, which is library research with a conceptual-philosophical focus. According to research, prophetic leadership rejects the absolutism of power and puts the common good first by integrating the ontological-functional dimension (Khilafah), structural-ethical legitimacy (Ulul Amri), and relational guardianship (Qawwam). While the values of shiddiq (truthfulness) and amanah (trustworthiness) support servant leadership by emphasising service and the preservation of human dignity, the dimensions of fathanah (wisdom/intelligence) and tabligh (communication/advocacy) work in concert with transformational leadership to promote innovation and intellectual stimulation. For the purpose of the general good, this paradigm propels a change in *madrasah* governance from merely systemic-administrative conformity to inner spiritual awareness (*murāqabatullāh*) and an ethos of *ihsan* (excellence/virtue).