Relasi Pengasuhan, Pendidikan, dan Pembentukan Karakter dalam QS. Asy-Syu’ara Ayat 18: Studi Tekstual dan Kontekstual

Abstract

The formation of children’s character is often understood merely as the outcome of parental nurturing, without adequately considering its moral and spiritual dimensions. QS. Asy-Syu’ara verse 18 records Pharaoh’s statement reminding Prophet Musa that he had been nurtured (nurabbika) within Pharaoh’s household since childhood. This verse presents a paradoxical case: a prophet of noble character raised within a tyrannical household. This study aims to analyze the textual meaning of the term nurabbika in QS. Asy-Syu’ara verse 18 and to examine its contextual relevance to the relationship between nurturing (pengasuhan), education (pendidikan), and character formation in Islamic education. This study employs a qualitative method with a library research approach and content analysis of Qur’anic commentaries, books, and journal articles related to parenting and character education. The findings indicate that the term nurabbika textually refers to physical and material nurturing, while the narrative context of the verse shows that such nurturing alone is not sufficient to determine a person’s character. Prophet Musa’s noble character was formed through the synergy of fitrah (innate disposition), the intervention of his biological mother, and divine guidance, despite growing up in Pharaoh’s palace. Thus, QS. Asy-Syu’ara verse 18 offers an important lesson for contemporary Islamic education that nurturing must be accompanied by value-based education, not merely the fulfillment of physical needs, in order to form a strong and noble character