Peran Ibu sebagai Madrasah Pertama dalam Penanaman Karakter Anak

Siti Istatik Choiroyaroh

Siti Istatik Choiroyaroh Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Sayyid Ali Rahmatullah Tulungagung

Keywords: Mother's Role, First Madrasah, Character Instillation, Early Childhood, Parenting Style

Abstract

This study analyzes the role of mothers as the first madrasah in instilling character in early childhood. A qualitative case study approach was employed, involving eight mothers with children aged 0-6 years in Tulungagung Regency, selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation, then analyzed using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña. The findings reveal three parenting styles: authoritative (4 mothers), authoritarian (2 mothers), and permissive (2 mothers). Mothers with authoritative parenting consistently implement five character instillation steps knowing the good, thinking the good, feeling the good, action the good, and habituating the good producing children with independence, discipline, responsibility, honesty, and religiosity. Authoritarian parenting yields fear-based compliance, while permissive parenting fails to establish discipline. Supporting factors include husband's support, quality time, and maternal understanding of child development. Inhibiting factors are uncontrolled gadget use, inconsistent grandparent intervention, and maternal fatigue. The study concludes that the mother's role as the first madrasah is crucial and requires family synergy. Character formation in early childhood is like carving on a gemstone requiring persistent effort for lifelong results.

References

Baumrind, D. (1991). The influence of parenting style on adolescent competence and substance use. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 11(1), 56-95.
Christakis, D. A. (2019). The effects of infant media usage: What do we know and what should we learn? Acta Paediatrica, 108(9), 1608-1610.
Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2018). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches (4th ed.). SAGE Publications.
Dewantara, K. H. (1962). Buku I pendidikan. Majelis Luhur Taman Siswa.
Elias, M. J., Zins, J. E., Weissberg, R. P., Frey, K. S., Greenberg, M. T., Haynes, N. M., … & Shriver, T. P. (1997). Promoting social and emotional learning: Guidelines for educators. Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development (ASCD).
Goleman, D. (1995). Emotional intelligence: Why it can matter more than IQ. Bantam Books.
Goodnow, J. J., & Collins, W. A. (1990). Development according to parents: The nature, sources, and consequences of parents' ideas. Lawrence Erlbaum.
Hidayat, H. (2007). Melejitkan 3 potensi dasar anak. Qultum Media.
Holden, G. W. (2010). Parenting: A dynamic perspective. SAGE Publications.
Hurlock, E. (1999). Perkembangan anak. Erlangga.
Kohlberg, L. (1981). The philosophy of moral development: Moral stages and the idea of justice. Harper & Row.
Kraut, R. (2021). Aristotle's ethics. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
Lickona, T. (1991). Educating for character: How our schools can teach respect and responsibility. Bantam Books.
Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic inquiry. SAGE Publications.
Maccoby, E. E. (1992). The role of parents in the socialization of children: An historical overview. Developmental Psychology, 28(6), 1006-1017.
Maccoby, E. E., & Martin, J. A. (1983). Socialization in the context of the family: Parent-child interaction. In P. H. Mussen (Ed.), Handbook of child psychology: Vol. 4. Socialization, personality, and social development (pp. 1-101). Wiley.
Maryland Department of Education. (1998). Character education: A living approach. Maryland State Department of Education.
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldaña, J. (2014). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications.
Moleong, L. J. (2017). Metodologi penelitian kualitatif (Edisi Revisi). PT Remaja Rosdakarya.
Mulyasa. (2012). Manajemen PAUD. PT Remaja Rosdakarya.
Mulyasa, dkk. (2007). Standar kompetensi dan sertifikasi guru. PT Remaja Rosdakarya.
Piaget, J. (1932). The moral judgment of the child. Free Press.
Piaget, J. (1952). The origins of intelligence in children. International Universities Press.
Rogers, C. R. (1961). On becoming a person. Houghton Mifflin.
Rotter, J. B. (1966). Generalized expectancies for internal versus external control of reinforcement. Psychological Monographs: General and Applied, 80(1), 1-28.
Sanders, M. R., & Morawska, A. (2018). Handbook of parenting and child development across the lifespan. Springer.
Santrock, J. W. (2018). Life-span development (17th ed.). McGraw-Hill.
Straus, M. A. (2001). Beating the devil out of them: Corporal punishment in American families and its effects on children. Transaction Publishers.
Sugiyono. (2019). Metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif, dan R&D. Alfabeta.
Tim Penyusun. (2003). Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 20 Tahun 2003 tentang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional. Pemerintah Republik Indonesia.
World Health Organization. (2019). Guidelines on physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep for children under 5 years of age. World Health Organization.
Yin, R. K. (2018). Case study research and applications: Design and methods (6th ed.). SAGE Publications.
Yuliani, L. (2012). Penanaman nilai-nilai moral pada anak usia dini. Bumi Aksara.
Zuriah, N. (2011). Pendidikan moral dan budi pekerti dalam perspektif perubahan. PT Bumi Aksara.

Username
Password
Remember me